Sakonnin Masu Karatu (2011) (1)

Baban Sadik, da fatan kana lafiya amin. Tambayata ita ce, ko akwai wani tsari da za a iya yi kamar yadda ake sa kudi a waya, dangane da harkar zabe, wajen amfani da “finger print scanning machine” yadda idan ka yi sau daya ba za ka sake yi ta dauka ba? Daga Alh. Zubairu Garabasa, Kazaure.

Alhaji Zubairu ai wannan ba wani abu bane, ya danganci irin tsarin da Gwamnati ke so ko ke da karfin yi.  Dangane da abin da ya shafi ingancin rajistar masu zabe akwai tsare-tsare da na’urori daban-daban. A wasu kasashe suna amfani ne da katin dan kasa, wato “National ID Card”, don duk wanda ka ganshi da katin, to dole ya cika shekaru 18 kafin aka bashi.  Da zarar lokacin zabe ya zo, sai dai kaje wajen hukumar zabe ta tantance ka kawai.  Don haka da Gwamnatin tarayya za ta dage ta inganta wannan tsari, cikin lumana kowa ya samu, ba wai a kama bikin kaddamarwa, har ana kayyade iya ranakun da za a yi rajistar ba, a a, a bar abin a bude kawai.  Duk sadda ka cika shekara 18 kaje ofishin hukumar lura da harkokin cikin gida ta maka rajistan katin dan kasa, shikenan.  Da mun huta da galibin matsalolin da muke fuskantarsu a duk lokacin da zabe ya taso.  Allah shige mana gaba, amin.

Salamu Alaikum, wai shin da gaske ne akwai TV mai amfani da fasahar Bluetooth?  Kuma ana iya samu a saya?  –  Ameerah

Malama Ameera sosai kuwa.  Ai duk abin da aka ce akwai shi an kera, ya kamata a same shi a kasuwa har a saya. Ba wai Talabijin mai amfani da fasahar Bluetooth kadai ba, hatta talabijin mai amfani da fasahar Intanet akwai, wanda kamfanin Apple ya kera shekaru kusan hudu da suka gabata.  A halin yanzu akwai talabijin mai amfani da fasahar Bluetooth da kamfanonin Apple, da Samsung, da LG suka kera kuma ake sayarwa a kasuwa, musamman turai.  Na kamfanin LG ne ya fito a baya-bayan nan.  Sauran kuma sun jima da fitowa.  Da fatan Malam Ameera ta gamsu.

Salamun alaikum Baban Sadik. Tambayata ita ce, me ye bambancin da ke tsakanin MS-DOS da MS-WINDOWS? – Aliyu Mukhtar Sa’idu (I-T) Kano: aliitpro2020@yahoo.com 08034332200/08186624300.

Malam Aliyu akwai bambanci mai girman gaske a tsakanin manyan manhajojin guda biyu.  Da farko dai, ita MS-DOS, ko kuma “Microsoft Disk Operating System” a warware, ita ce babbar manhajar kwamfuta da kamfanin Microsoft ya fara ginawa da sayar da ita ga kamfanin kera kwamfuta ta IBM, shekaru sama da ashirin da suka gabata.  Wannan manhaja ce da ke amfani da hanyar mu’amala da kwamfuta da ake kira “Command Prompt”, don baiwa kwamfutar umarni kan abin da za ta yi.  Idan kana bukatar gudanar da wasu ayyuka kamar rubuce-rubuce ko kuma amfani da wasu manhajoji, dole ne sai ka tsofa mata manhajar ta amfani da ma’adanar “Floppy Disk”, sannan za ta iya dauka.  Wannan ya faru ne saboda kwamfutoci a lokacin nan ba su da mizanin sarrafa bayanai ko gudanar da ayyuka masu inganci, da karfi, kuma ga rashin mizanin ma’adana isasshe. 

Amma daga baya wajen shekarar 1990, sai Bill Gates ya gina babbar manhajarsa mai suna “Windows 3.0”, wacce ke amfani da tsarin gudanarwa mafi sauki; za ka baiwa kwamfuta umarni ta hanyar matsa wata alama, ita kuma ta amsa maka, ko dai ta hanyar aiwatar da aikin kai tsaye, ko kuma idan tana neman karin bayani sai ta cillo maka tambaya ita ma a rubuce, kamar dai yadda kwamfutoci suke a yanzu.  Wannan tsari shi ake kira “Graphical User Interface” ko “GUI” a gajarce.  Daga nan ake kiran wannan babbar manhaja da suna “Microsoft Windows” ko kuma “MS-Windows” a gajarce.  Bambancin da ke tsakanin manhajojin biyu kuwa a bayyane yake.  Na farko dai MS-DOS tana amfani ne da tsarin “Command Prompt” wajen baiwa kwamfuta umarni, a yayin da manhajar MS-Windows ke amfani da tsarin “Graphical User Interface”, kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata. 

Sannan tsarin MS-Windows ta fi ingnaci da saukin mu’amala fiye da tsarin MS-DOS.  Bayan haka, a tsarin MS-DOS dole ne ka tanadi dukkan masarrafan da kake bukata a cikin ma’adanar “Floppy Disk”, domin kwamfutoci a lokacin ba su da hanyar shigar da bayanai na CD/DVD, ko USB, sai dai FDD kawai.  Don haka idan masarrafai talatin kake son amfani da su, dole ne ka tanadi ma’adanan Floppy Disk guda talatin masu dauke da su. Amma a tsarin MS-Windows duk ba ka bukatar yin haka.  Idan kana bukatar amfani da wata manhaja, to za ka same ta cikin kwamfutar gaba daya, idan ma babu a ciki, kana iya saya, sai ka loda mata, ba sai ka tanada a cikin ma’adanar Floppy Disk ba. A takaice dai wadannan su ne kadan daga cikin bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin MS-DOS da MS-Windows.  Da fatan ka gamsu.

Salamu Alaikum Baban Sadik, Tambayata itace: tsarin hada alaka a tsakanin kwamfutoci (NETWORKING) ya kasu gida nawa ne malam?. Daga Aliyu Mukhtar Sa’idu (I.T) Kano Email: aliitpro2020@yahoo.com 08034332200 / 08186624300.

Tsarin hada alaka a tsakanin kwamfutoci dai ya kasu kashi uku ne muhimmai.  Akwai hadin gajeren zango, wato “Local Area Network,” ko LAN a gajarce. Wannan tsari ne da ya shafi hada alaka a tsakanin kwamfutoci ta hanyar jojjona su da wayoyin kebul nau’in RJ45.  Kuma hakan na yiwuwa ne a tsakanin kwamfutocin da ke cikin wani gida, ko ofishi da ke wuri daya, ko wata ma’aikata da ke waje daya.  Idan ma’aikatar na da reshe daban-daban a wasu garuruwa ko jihohi, sai a yi amfani da tsari na biyu, wato “Wide Area Network,” wato WAN kenan a gajarce. 

Shi wannan tsari yana amfani ne da tsarin sadarwar wayar iska, wato “Wireless Communication System.” Tsari na uku kuma shi ne “Virtual Private Network,” ko VPN a gajarce.  Shi wannan tsari shi ma dai kamar wanda ya gabace shi ne, sai dai shi ya fi dogaro kan tsarin sadarwa ta wayar iska fiye da WAN, sannan ana amfani da shi wajen sadarwar wayar tarho irin na zamani a tsakanin rassan kamfani guda da ke wasu bangarorin jiha ko kasa daya.  Da fatan ka gamsu.